Special Topics

NEW for 2022 Modern augmented-reality (AR), virtual-reality (VR), and mixed-reality (MR) displays deliver realistic immersive content relative to entertainment applications. However, various applications such as education, healthcare, and the metaverse are requiring displays to reach higher levels of hyper-reality. Creating a hyper-realistic experience is quite challenging because it must provide extremely rich content, state-of-the-art performance, and excellent image quality even in environments with low latency and limited bandwidth. Hence, interdisciplinary study based on a deep understanding of human perception along the full range of technical layers is indispensable to achieving end-to-end pipeline optimization.

This special topic covers the technologies and applications in the emerging areas of AR, VR, and MR, which can provide a hyper-realistic experience. These sessions will bring together researchers, market analysts, and industry leaders involved in hyper-realistic display technologies, products, applications, advanced developments, and emerging trends. Hyper-realistic display (AR/VR/MR) topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

• AR, VR, and MR Systems and Applications
• Novel Hyper-Realistic (AR, VR, and MR) Systems and Applications
• Novel Hyper-Realistic Display Technologies
• Hyper-Realistic Displays for Automotive Applications
• Novel Hyper-Realistic Audio Technologies
• Advances in Sensing and Imaging Technologies for Tracking, Localization, and Mapping
• Advances in Computation, Graphics, and Machine-Learning Techniques
• Advances in Human-Computer Interaction for Inputs, Interfaces, and Communications
• End-to-End System Integration and Optimization
• Human Factors and User-Experience
• Advances in Eye Tracking, Biometrics, and User Authentication
• Advances in Low-Latency Streaming Platforms
• Standardization Trends and Quality Evaluations for Hyper-Realistic Systems and Applications

The evolution of new computing technologies and the availability of big data are boosting machine learning (ML) and deep learning in different fields. The special topic on ML covers the applications of machine learning in all aspects of display technologies and manufacturing. These sessions bring together display experts and ML experts to explore opportunities to solve challenging display problems with the right ML techniques. Machine Learning topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Techniques in Graphics, Image Processing, and Computer Vision
• Applications in Enhancing Display Technology
• For AR/VR in Developing Featured Machines
• In Display Manufacturing
• In Display Measurement
• For Human Visual Perception in Displays
• For Interactive Technology

NEW for 2022 This special topic covers technologies and applications in areas such as mobile phones, automotive, public spaces, and buildings.These sessions will bring together scientists, engineers, business professionals, market analysts, and industry leaders involved in outdoor display technologies, products, applications, advanced developments, and emerging trends.

Paper submissions, including, but not limited to, the following topics are welcome:

• Display Technologies for Outdoor Displays such as High-Brightness LCDs and OLEDs as well as micro- and SMD RGB LEDs
• Outdoor Display Systems and Applications
• Automotive Displays
• Digital out of Home (DOOH)
• Public Information Displays
• Displays Integrated into “Architecture,” such as Smart Windows and Digital Signage
• Integration of Outdoor Displays as Stand-Alone Pillars such as POI and POS
• Embedded Systems with Displays Including Touch
• Technologies for Customizing Display Design (Form-Factor, Zero-Bezel, Curved, Flexible)
• Subassemblies of Outdoor Displays
• Sunlight Performance Optimization, such as Ambient Contrast Ratio, Color Gamut Shrinkage, and Anti-Reflection Coatings
• User Interaction Tasks and Controls for Outdoor Display Applications
• (Optical) Evaluations and Measurements

NEW for 2022 This special topic addresses all aspects of technologies that enable displays or electronic devices to form on changeable, deformable surfaces such as human or animal bodies, textiles, or other stretchable structures. Such technologies will also be applied to displays or electronic devices statically forming on surfaces with arbitrary curvatures, such as automobile, appliances, furniture, buildings, etc. Novel technologies that enhance conformable contact to the human body and thus improve accurate bio-signal detection for existing accessory-type wearable displays and electronic devices are also included. The eventual goal of this special topic is to find the most promising materials, devices, system-level integration, and process methods toward displays and electronic devices that are extremely comfortable or even imperceptible to wearers.

Papers are sought that address stretchable and deformable versions of display devices and components, as well as relevant enabling materials including not limited to:

• OLED, OLED Array, MicroLED Array, LCD, and Other Novel Display Devices
• TFTs, TFT Pixel Arrays, ICs, and Other Driving Devices and Techniques
• Substrates, Encapsulation Films, Optical Films
• Adhesive Films, and Other Essential Components
• Mechanical, Optical, or Chemical Sensors and Other
• Transducing Sensors
• Transparent Electrodes, Interconnect Electrodes, and Other Novel Conductors
• Novel Processes and Manufacturing Methods
• Analysis on Performance and Reliability under Stretch and Deform Conditions
• System-Level Integration Including Stretchable Hybrid Electronics (SHE) and In-Mold Electronics (IME)
• Displays in Contact Lenses, Concave/Convex Surfaces, Clothing, Fabrics, and Other Unconventional Structures

The Society for Information Display (SID) encourages the submission of original papers on all aspects of the research, engineering, application, evaluation, and utilization of displays. Paper submissions are welcome for any of the following symposium topics:

(1) ACTIVE-MATRIX DEVICES: Submissions are solicited covering all novel aspects of TFTs, including semiconducting materials, structures/processing, reliability, circuit design, and the application of active-matrix electronics to displays and other related systems.

•  NEW for 2022 TFT Technologies for Novel Applications (Automobile, Avionics, etc)
•  EXPANDED for 2022 Backplane Technology for MicroLEDs and QD-OLEDs
•  LTPO and Novel Device Integration Technologies
•  Novel TFT Circuits and Driving Technologies
•  New AMOLED Display Pixels and Backplanes
•  Emerging Active-Matrix Displays and Devices
•  Sensors and Other Functional Devices
•  Integrated Active-Matrix Devices

 

(2) APPLIED VISION/HUMAN FACTORS: New display technology has driven displays to incorporate more pixels, greater contrast, higher luminance, and richer color volume, thus enabling a wide range of new visual experiences. Submissions are encouraged that discuss the benefits and tradeoffs of how these new display technologies, as well as novel uses of traditional display technology, can have a measurable impact on the visual experience. Topics in the following areas are particularly in demand: mitigating challenges by presenting comfortable and engaging 3D imagery (including autostereoscopic, AR, and VR form factors), effective use of a wider color volume to create a more immersive and compelling experience, and approaches to take advantage of limitations of the visual system to process or transmit display data more efficiently. Papers that discuss novel methods of user interaction and HMI with display systems are also welcomed. In addition, this year we also encourage submissions in:

•  Displays for Therapy and Assistive Technologies
•  Wide-Color-Gamut and High-Dynamic-Range Imaging
•  Visual Comfort and Health with Display Systems (Including Links between Myopia and Displays)
•  Immersive Interaction
•  Image Quality and Display Perception
•  Human-Machine Interfaces
•  Human Factors in Emerging Displays
•  Human Factors of Projection Systems and Applications
•  New Display Technologies and Storytelling, Controlling Attention
•  Dealing with Prescriptions in Near-to-Eye Displays

 

(3) AUTOMOTIVE/VEHICULAR DISPLAYS AND HMI TECHNOLOGIES: Papers for this topic shall deal with all aspects of automotive and vehicular displays and related HMI issues, including market aspects, display and lighting technologies, head-up displays, smart displays, application issues with vehicular displays, and advanced technologies for displays, touchscreens, and gestures in vehicles as well as the user experience. Contributions in the following areas are solicited:

Displays
•  Avionic Displays and Applications, Including HMD, HUD, and Interaction Means
•  Smart Vehicular Display and Lighting Technologies
•  Interactive Technologies for Automotive Displays
•  Application Issues with Vehicular Displays and Lighting
•  Metrology for Automotive Displays
•  Displays for ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems)
•  Head-Up Displays (HUDs), Including AR, Holographic, and Night Vision
•  Automotive and Vehicular Display Market and Technology Trends
•  Infotainment and Passenger Entertainment Displays
•  Projection Displays (Other than HUD) for Interior and Exterior Projection
•  Transparent Displays (Other than HUD) for Window, Panoramic Roof, etc.
•  Camera and Rear-Mirror Display Systems
•  Video Interface and Display Link for Automotive
•  Exterior Automotive Displays (Other than Projection)
•  Displays as Interior Design Elements
•  High-Visual-Performance Displays for Automotive
•  Display Readability in Variable Ambient Lighting Situations
•  Optical Components for Automotive Applications
•  Optical Bonding, AR/AG/AS Coating
•  Display Materials Optimized for Automotive Applications
•  Motorbike and Bicycle Displays and Applications
•  Modeling and Simulations

HMI Technologies
•  Automotive User Experience (UX), User Interaction (UI), User Delight (UD)
•  Human-Machine Interface (HMI) System Solutions
•  HMI for, and User Experience (UX) of, Advanced Driver Assistance Systems, Automated Driving, etc.
•  Multi-Modal Input and Output User Experience (UX)
•  Driver Inattention (Driver Distraction)
•  Application Issues with Automotive HMIs
•  Customer Acceptance and Feedback on Different Technology Displays and Interfaces
•  Regulations and Trends Related to In-Vehicle Interfaces

 

(4) DISPLAY ELECTRONICS: For consideration will be all aspects of circuits (integrated or otherwise) for displays, electronic components for displays and imaging devices, and image- and video-processing algorithms.

•  NEW for 2022 Algorithms and Driving Electronics for Under-Display Cameras and Sensors
•  Electronics and Image Processing for Wearable Displays
•  Driving Electronics for UHD (4K x 2K) and Beyond
•  Driving and Compensation Circuits for Curved Displays
•  Electronics for Touch and Interactive Displays
•  OLED Driving Techniques
•  Display Drivers, TCONs, and New Driving Schemes
•  Variable Refresh Rate Electronics and Driving Schemes
•  Machine Learning for Display Electronics
•  Low-Power and Low-Cost Driving Techniques
•  Image/Video Capture and Processing Techniques
•  3D/Depth Imaging and Augmented/Virtual Reality
•  High-Dynamic-Range Driving Electronics
•  Display Electronics for Foldable Displays

 

(5) DISPLAY MANUFACTURING: Papers addressing the following areas will be considered: materials, processes, and equipment advancements related to the manufacture of display panels, components, and module assemblies.

•  Manufacture of High-Resolution OLED and Other Emissive Display Panels, Fine Metal Mask (FMM), OLED Evaporation Systems, OLED Printing or Patterning Processes, and Thin-Film Encapsulation (TFE) Processes
•  Inline Manufacturing Test, Repair, Metrology, and Quality Control
•  Manufacturing-Related Advances Enabling Current and Emerging Displays Including Flexible, Foldable, Stretchable, Wearable Displays; 3D or Transparent Displays; Multi-Functional Display Architectures; etc.)
•  Manufacture of AMLCD and Other Non-Emissive Displays
•  Manufacture of e-Paper and Other Reflective Displays
•  Manufacturing Equipment and Processes, Including Very Large Substrate Sizes
•  Manufacturing Equipment for Front- and Back-End Processing Including Packaging, Encapsulation, Interconnect, Assembly, and Roll-to-Roll Processing
•  Display-Module Manufacturing Including Panel and Module Assembly for All Display Technologies (e.g., AMLCD, OLED Display, e-Paper, Mini/MicroLED Display, Projection, etc.)
•  Display-Component Manufacturing (e.g., Optical Films, Color Filters, LEDs, Backlights, In-Cell and On-Cell Touch Panels, Finger-Print Sensors, Covers, etc.), Including Topics Related to High Luminance and True Black, HDR Displays, and Quantum-Dot (QD)-Based Applications
•  Materials for Panel and Module Manufacturing, Including Substrates, Films, Adhesives, Photo-Patternable Organic Materials (for Bank Layers or Polarization Layers, etc.), Photoresists, Sputtering or Evaporating Materials, and Consumables
•  Manufacturing Productivity and Cost-Reduction Topics
•  Green Manufacturing — Reducing Energy Consumption and Waste, and Strategies for Product End-of-Life Recycling and Disposal, etc.

 

(6) DISPLAY MEASUREMENT: Submissions are encouraged that address the characterization and measurements of displays and display components.

•  NEW for 2022 Methods and Models to Predict and Measure Display Color Performance
•  NEW for 2022 Correlation of Visual Phenomena Modeling to Measured Performance Metrics Including Newly Proposed Methodologies for Large-Panel (4K/8K) Applications
•  EXPANDED for 2022 Characterizing the Visual Performance of Electronic Displays through Optical Metrology – Including Methods to Address All Types of Displays Including High-Dynamic-Range, Wide-Gamut, Direct-View, Projection, and Light-Field Displays
•  EXPANDED for 2022 Characterization of Perceptible Display Phenomena such as Mura, Motion Blur, Image Sticking, etc.
•  EXPANDED for 2022 Display Testing and Calibration Methods in Mass Production, including Procedures for Consistent Performance and Improving Measurement Reliability
•  Characterization of Display Materials and Components and Their Effects on System Optical Performance
•  Examination of Imaging Photometry Methods Employing Either Higher Resolution Cameras or More Intelligent Capture Methods and Evaluation Algorithms
•  Solid-State-Lighting Metrology and Characterization
•  Advances in Display Measurements Standards
•  Measurement Methods for Near-to-Eye Displays for AR, VR, MR, and Other Related Applications
•  Calibration and Verification of Optical Measurement Instrumentation

 

(7) DISPLAY SYSTEMS: The Display Systems Subcommittee is soliciting original papers on display systems, as well as related devices and techniques, including the following:

•  EXPANDED for 2022 AR/VR/MR: Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Mixed Reality, and Other Near-to-Eye and Table-Top Display Systems; Novel Components and/or Novel System Integration, Including Microdisplays, Projection Optics, and Viewing Optics (e.g., Waveguides, Light Guides, Diffractive, Reflective); Related Visual Perception Problems for Novel Systems
•  NEW for 2022 High-Dynamic Range (HDR) Displays, Including Dual-Cell LCDs, miniLED Backlights, and All System Technologies to Create HDR Displays
•  NEW for 2022 System-Level Optimizations of Telepresence Systems/Intelligent Background Subtraction for Privacy
•  EXPANDED for 2022 3D, Autostereoscopic, Light-Field, Volumetric, Holographic, Aerial Displays, and Components
•  SDR/HDR/Display Backlight Units (BLUs), Frontlight Units (FLUs), and Optical Components
•  Novel Displays, Components, and Image Processing
•  Large-Area-Display Technologies: Cinema Displays, Direct-View LED Walls, Digital Signage
•  Light-Guide Plate Design for Automotive Lighting and Illumination
•  Projection Head-Up Displays for Automotive, Aviation, and Other Applications
•  Projector: Design, Manufacturing, Applications, and Novel Architectures
•  Projection Systems, Arrays, Subsystems, Components, and Projection Mapping
•  Immersive Display Systems, Dome Displays, and Cave Displays
•  Display Systems and Components
•  Ultra-Low-Power Displays
•  Transparent Displays
•  Mobile Displays
•  Standards and Guidelines Related to the Design or Evaluation of Display Systems

 

(8) EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS Papers are solicited for the topics of (i) Novel and Emerging Display Technologies and (ii) Novel Display Applications including, but not limited to, all of the following:

•  Novel Applications of Mini and MicroLEDs
•  Novel Applications of Flexible, Foldable, and Free-Form Displays and Supporting Electronics
•  Application of Meta-Surface and Meta-Optics in Novel Displays
•  Advanced Optics and Tunable Active Optic Technologies for Enhanced Vision, Near-to-Eye Displays, and Holography
•  Display and Sensor Combinations for Unique Applications (e.g., medical)
•  Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) for Enhancing Imaging, Healthcare, Wellness, and Manufacturing
•  Smart Displays and Novel Uses of Embedded Technologies
•  Novel Uses of Display Technology for Non-Display Applications
•  Multi-Modal Display User Interfaces (e.g., Auditory Displays)
•  Display Software Applications (e.g., Image Enhancement)
•  Novel Applications
•  Wearable Display Applications and Novel Uses of Near-to-Eye Displays
•  Medical and Clinical Applications Including Imaging, Diagnostics, Therapy, Remediation, and Quality of Life
•  Avionics, Military, Automotive, and Ruggedized Display Applications
•  Applications of Mobile Displays (Smartphones, Tablets, e-Readers, etc.)
•  New Digital Cinema, Entertainment, Gaming, and TV Applications
•  Smart Lighting/Solid-State Lighting Applications
•  Applications of Kiosks, Signage, Transparent, and Tiled Displays
•  Environmentally Friendly (Green) Display Applications
•  3D, Stereoscopy, and Holography Display Applications
•  Novel Ubiquitous Display Applications
•  Displays for IoT Solutions
•  Applications of Touch and Distributed Displays

 

(9) EMISSIVE, MICROLED, AND QUANTUM-DOT DISPLAYS (EMQ): Advances in materials, processes, designs, and functions of emissive displays, including electroluminescent and photoluminescent quantum-dot displays, quantum-dot materials, microLED displays, microLED processing, LED displays and video walls, inorganic EL displays, field-emission lamps, field emitters, perovskite materials, and phosphors, are sought. Emissive display-compatible sensors, sensing-integrated emissive displays, and smart-display topics are also requested, with a focus on the integration of photodetectors, sensors, micro-ICs, and other unique functionalities (e.g. LiFi elements, electro-optical elements) into emissive displays.

•  NEW for 2022 Emissive Display-Compatible Sensing Technologies and Smart-Display Technologies
•  NEW for 2022 Unconventional Displays and Alternative Applications of Emissive Display Technologies
•  EXPANDED for 2022 Photoluminescent Colloidal Quantum-Dot Technologies for Displays (Components, Devices, Materials, and Manufacturing)
•  Electroluminescent Colloidal Quantum-Dot Technologies for Displays (Components, Devices, Materials, and Manufacturing)
•  MicroLED Displays (Devices, Metrology, Materials, and Manufacturing)
•  Perovskites, Phosphors, Plasma, Field-Emission, and Inorganic Electroluminescent Displays

 

(10) FLEXIBLE DISPLAYS AND E-PAPER: The subcommittee seeks submissions on all aspects of flexible, e-Paper, and wearable display technologies, including flexible, stretchable, bendable, foldable, or rollable display devices (OLED, MicroLED, electrophoretic, MEMS, cholesteric LCD, electrowetting, electrochromic, and other emissive and reflective display devices) and system-level integration of such devices and printed electronics based on organic and inorganic materials. Advances in flexible-display materials (substrates, transparent conductors, TFTs, encapsulation, barrier layers, and adhesives), printing and novel deposition techniques, manufacturing methods (R2R, bonding, and lift-off), electro-optical effects, sensor technologies and sensor interfaces, driving techniques including ultra-low-power operation, device performance and reliability, ergonomics, and applications for emerging flexible, paper-like, wearable, or stretchable display technologies are also sought.

•  EXPANDED for 2022 Electronic Papers including LCD, EPD, EWD, MEMS, ECD, and Other Non-Emissive or Emissive Displays and Devices
•  Bio/Medical and Ultra-Low-Power Applications of Flexible/Wearable Displays and e-Papers
•  Flexible OLED, MicroLED, QD-LED, and Other Emissive Materials, Displays, and Devices
•  System-Level Integration for Flexible, Wearable, Bendable, and Stretchable Display Devices
•  Materials and Devices for Textile/Fiber Displays and Electronics
•  Flexible Sensors and Wearable Displays
•  Flexible Display Components and Materials Including Substrates, Films, Adhesives, Encapsulation, and Barriers
•  Organic and Other Solution-Based TFTs, Flexible Active-Matrix Backplanes
•  Integration, Packaging, Testing, and Reliability of Flexible Displays and e-Paper
•  Flexible-Display Manufacturing of and Equipment for Printed Electronics
•  Applications and Ergonomics of Integrated Flexible Electronics
•  Flexible and Stretchable Hybrid Electronics
•  Materials and Devices for Novel Mechanical UI/UX Technique

 

(11) INTERACTIVE DISPLAYS AND SYSTEMS:

Interactive Displays: address sensing and inter-activity that are fundamentally integrated into a display. Examples include:

•   Optical Imaging through the Display
    o Camera under Display for Photo/Video Capture and Fingerprint Sensing
       •  Optical System Innovations
       •  Image Restoration Algorithms
•  Displays with Directly Integrated Output Capabilities:
    o Fingerprint, including Optical, Capacitive, and Ultrasonic Mechanisms
    o Sensor-in-Pixel (SIP) Techniques, Including Optical and Force Sensors
       •  Touch/Force/Stylus
       •  Strain/Flex
       •  Proximity/In-Air Gesture
       •  Health and Physiological Monitoring, Including Pulse/Ox, ECG
       •  Environmental, Including UV Exposure
       •  Integrated Microphones
•  Displays with Directly Integrated Output Capabilities
    •  Haptic/Tactile (Including Electrostatic and Vibrotactile Approaches)
    •  Integrated Speakers

Touch Controllers, Sensors, Materials, and Processes involve novel state-of-the-art techniques for sensing touch on a display, with quantitative characterization and discussion of their performance. Topics include:

•  Touch Controllers and Electronics (Especially Those Integrated with Other Components Such as the Display Driver)
•  Touch Electrode Sensor Design and Geometry
•  Transparent Conductors and ITO Alternatives (Metal Mesh, Nanowires, etc.)
•  Patterning Methods for Touch Sensors
•  Integration Methods with the Display (Direct Lamination/Optical Bonding)
•  Substrates (Including Novel Glasses, Flexible Films)
•  Investigations of Touch-Sensor Visibility
•  Special Considerations for Automotive Applications

Novel Sensors that are based on display industry materials or manufacturing techniques and that have a clear path to integration with a display are of interest

Novel Interaction Systems and Techniques that the systems support must be extremely novel or impactful to be considered.

 

(12) LIQUID-CRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY: Papers are sought on advances in the development of liquid crystal, including electro-optical effects, materials, applications, and devices.

•  Flexible, Rollable, and Conformable LCDs
•  High Image Quality/Super High Resolution
•  Fast-Response-Time and Color-Sequential LCDs
•  High-Dynamic-Range and High-Ambient-Contrast LCDs
•  Wide-Color-Gamut and QD-Enhanced LCDs
•  LC for Automotive Displays
•  LC for AR/VR Applications
•  Smart Windows
•  Display Enhancement
•  LC-Based Spatial Light Modulators and Optical Elements
•  LC Alignment Technologies
•  New LC Materials
•  Use of LC Technologies in Sensing Applications
•  LC for Nonvisible Wavelength Applications

 

(13) ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES: Topics of interest include OLED materials and device architectures, as well as OLED display design, prototyping, manufacturing, and performance. Papers on OLED signage and OLED lighting solutions are also welcome.

•  NEW for 2022 High-Performance OLED Displays of All Sizes: Micro, Mobile, Tablet, Laptop, Monitor, TV
•  NEW for 2022 Light Extraction for OLED Efficiency Enhancement or Angular Emission Management
•  NEW for 2022 Performance Correlations between OLED Devices and OLED Displays
•  NEW for 2022 OLED Physics and Models
•  Novel OLED Materials and Architectures Enabling OLED Display Advancements
•  Reliability and Degradation of OLED Devices or Displays
•  New OLED Display Pixels and Backplanes
•  OLED Encapsulation
•  OLED System Integration, Manufacturing, and Cost Reduction
•  Foldable, Rollable, and Stretchable OLEDs
•  Emerging OLED Displays
•  OLEDs for Lighting Applications